Ukuthola umculo ngaphandle kwabasebenzi bomculo cishe akunakwenzeka. Ngisho nalabo okungebona abaculi futhi abanolwazi oluncane ngalobu buciko. Isibonelo salokhu ukulalela izihloko ezishisayo emsakazweni noma kwiSpotify.
Ngendlela efanayo nesizukulwane Izinkulungwane zeminyaka akakwazi ukucabanga impilo ngaphandle kwe-Smartphone, kwenzeka okufanayo nganoma yimuphi umqambi noma umculi kanye uhlelo lokubhala lomculo.
Umculo ngaphambi kwabasebenzi bomculo
KwabanyeCishe kuyindaba yokukhuluma "ngomculo ngaphambi komculo".
Lungiselela ukuhanjiswa kolwazi futhi ukhulule umsebenzi wenkumbulo yabaculi nabaculi, zazingezimbili zezizathu eziphoqayo ezaqhuba ukwenziwa kwezinhlelo zokubhala zomculo.
Ngoba selokhu umhlaba waba ngumuntu nomuntu yindoda, umculo ubukhona.
Ukuzalwa komlando kuthiwa ukuvela kolimi olubhalwayo. Yize ukusungulwa kwePentagram njengohlelo lokwaziswa kwezomculo (noma kwanoma yiziphi izindlela zangaphambilini kulena) kungasho ukuphela kwesikhathi sangaphambi koMculo, lokho kungaba yisikhathi.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwemvelo nokusabalalisa ngomlomo
Kokubili "Umlando Osemthethweni" namasiko omculo, Ngaphambi kokuthi bobabili bakwazi ukuhlala ephepheni futhi bahlale "bebhaliwe", babencike kuphela kumlomo ngokusatshalaliswa kwabo kanye nokongiwa. Futhi njengezinganekwane nezinsumansumane zokuqala, okwakuthi njalo lapho zidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane zifake okuhlukile, kwenzeka okufanayo ngamafomu emisindo.
Ukuphela kwe- "support”Lapho kwakugcinwa khona imiculo, amathoni nezingoma kwakungu- inkumbulo yomuntu ngamunye. Kuze kube yilolu suku, akekho noyedwa ongabaza ubunjalo bezinkumbulo. Kufanele futhi kubhekwe ukuthi, ezinqubweni zokulondolozwa kwengqondo kwanoma yiliphi "ifayela lomsindo" ngaphakathi kwe- "hard disk" yomuntu, ezinye izinto ziyangenelela. Lokhu kungaba yindlebe namandla omculo umuntu ngamunye anawo.
Kukho konke okungenhla, kunjalo Ukuqina kokukhungatheka okweqise abanye abaqambi bomculo bokuqala ngesikhathi Senkathi Endala nasekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi. Ukuthi "ukwakheka" ngakunye bekuhlala kuzwakala ngendlela efanayo isikhathi ngasinye lapho kwenziwa, bekungenakwenzeka.
Izinhlelo zokuqala zokubhalwa komculo
Kusuka eGrisi lasendulo, abaculi bazama ukuthatha imiculo ephepheni, kusetjentiswa tindlela tekubuka letingahunyushwa njengelifomu kanye nelulwimi lolungacacile.
Kusukela ekubuyekezweni kwemibhalo eminingana yalesi sikhathi, kuyasungulwa ubukhona bezinhlelo ezimbili zokubhalwa komculo. Uhlelo olulodwa lwaluzosetshenziselwa ukucula kwamakhwaya kanti olunye lusetshenziselwe izinsimbi zomculo. Zombili lezi zindlela zine-alfabhethi futhi ziyefana kakhulu.
Izazi-mlando nezazi zomculo bathi lokho kumayelana nezakhiwo zomculo eziguquguqukayo ezazingenakho ukufana. Noma okungenani, abakhombisanga intshisekelo esobala yokuyithola.
Iphinde yasungulwa njenge- Abaqambi bamaGreki babemelela ukuphakama kwemisindo (bass noma treble). Le yimininingwane eyisisekelo efinyelele kithi futhi nendlela isikhathi esasungulwa ngayo ayicaci ngokuphelele.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izithombe zaseGrisi lakudala, lapho kwathathwa khona izigcawu zabantu abadlala izinsimbi ezithile zomculo, ziphakamisa ukuthi uhlelo lokubhala lomculo ngokuyinhloko lwalunenjongo yokufundisa. Akuvamile ukuthi izethulo zezithombe zifake abaculi bomculo abafunda imiqulu nge "izikolo." Imemori nokuzwa kwakubonakala kugcina isikhathi.
Ukusakazwa ngamaRoma
Uhlelo lwamaGrikhi lwamukelwa uMbuso WaseRoma. Njengokwenzekile ngezinganekwane, ukunwetshwa kwemingcele nokunqotshwa kwezindawo ezintsha ngamasosha ombuso kwenza kwaba lula ukusatshalaliswa kwawo endaweni enkulu manje eseyiyurophu.
Ngokufiphala kweRoma futhi ukuphakama koMbuso WaseByzantium, amasiko amasiko azalwa ikakhulu eGrisi futhi afakwa ngenkani, ayenziwa izinguquko ezintsha.
Ukubhalwa komculo kwakungomunye wabo. Unjalo-ke kusuka eConstantinople, yize "ukubhala komculo" kugcine ingqikithi yohlu lwama-alfabhethi, izinto zasempumalanga zafakwa.
Ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwabaculi balesi sikhathi, kwaqhubeka kwaba indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudluliswa kwamaphethini womculo kuyeka ukuncika kuphela esikweni lomlomo nangememori ehlangene. Ngendlela efanayo, babekhathazekile ngokuthola ukuhlanganiswa kwezingoma namaculo, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwamahhala nokwenziwe ngcono.
Ukusungulwa kwesaziso somoya
Ngokwophiko olusha lwasebukhosini lwaphula imidwebo yamaRoma, ezingeni lomculo, i-pneumatic notation ivule izikhala, ize isungulwe phakathi kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX nele-XNUMX, njengohlelo "oluphambili", ikakhulukazi kumaCantos kaGregory. Masingakhohlwa ukuthi umculo wezwe ugcina uhlamvu "lwamahhala" futhi "oluzenzekelayo".
Ama-neumes yizimpawu ezicacile ezibhalwe ngaphezulu kombhalo futhi amele umsindo owodwa noma eminingi.
Nokho, lolu hlelo lwalungaqondakali kakhulu kunombhalo we-alfabhethi, ngoba asikho isigqi noma isikali esasungulwa. Isigqi sasiqondiswe ngqo embhalweni, ngakho-ke "umqambi" kwakungadingeki ukuthi awucacise.
La Ukubhalwa komoya kudinga ulwazi lwangaphambili engxenyeni yotolika yomculo omelwe imidwebo. Ngaphandle kwalolu lwazi, ukuqonda izimpawu kwakungeke kwenzeke.
Amanothi omculo nokuzalwa kwe-tetragram
UGuido wase-Arezzo Ungomunye wabantu ababaluleke kakhulu ku-Universal History of Music. Kule ndela yase-Italy, owayephila phakathi kweminyaka ka-991 no-1050, kungenxa yakhe amagama amanothi omculo. Kuze kube seNkathini Ephakathi, izinhlamvu zokuqala eziyisikhombisa zamagama asentshonalanga zazisetshenziselwa ukumela ukuphakama kwemisindo.
I-Arezzo nayo iyi- obhekele ukusetshenziswa kweTetragram, indlela yokubhala yomculo engabeka izisekelo zabasebenzi abachazayo.
Ngokuvela kwalokhu uhlelo lwakhiwa imigqa emine enezingqimba, parallel, straight and equidistant, abaqambi ekugcineni baba nokusekelwa okuhlangene okubavumela ukuba bashiye "ngokubhala" zonke izakhi ezenza ucezu ngalunye lomculo luhluke.
Kakade ngekhulu leshumi nantathu, Ugolino de Forlí ungeze umugqa wesihlanu, yize bekungeke kube kuze kube ngamakhulu amabili eminyaka ngemuva kokuqaliswa kokusebenza kwayo.
IPentagram: ayikho indawo yokunganembi
Ngaphezu kwamanothi omculo, ePentagram uchungechunge lwe izimpawu ezisetshenziswa ababhali bomculo ukukhombisa isignesha yesikhathi, i-tempo, kanye nohlamvu kokwakheka.
wakhe imigqa emihlanu nezikhala ezine lapho yonke into ichazwa khona ngokulingana kwezibalo. Ngokwengeziwe, imigqa eyengeziwe ingasethwa phezulu ngemisindo ephezulu kakhulu, noma ezansi yemisindo ephansi.
Imithombo yesithombe: Amakhasi wemibala / Umculo kutholakale kalula